Parallel fragmentation in non-digital world as well. 
Post-covid, de-globalization has been a major narrative. 
The infrastructure for digital nation states further fuels Great Fragmenting, imo.

Social media empires will fragment, to ur point.

It won't be exactly repeat pre-industrial, but it'll rhyme

Some pre-industrial world themes on the left; modern rhymes on the right:

• Fragmented trade routes <=> Multi-chain, multi-currencies 
• Self-sufficiency <=> Sovereign individual (not ur keys...)
• Barter system <=> AMMs, financialization of NFTs
• Limited connectivity <=> Full connectivity, limited privacy

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